Atoms and The Periodic Table:

  • State that everything is made of atoms and recall what they are
  • Describe what elements and compounds are
  • State that elements and compounds are represented by symbols; and use chemical symbols and formulae to represent elements and compounds
  • Write word equations and balanced symbol equations for chemical reactions, including using appropriate state symbols
  • Describe what a mixture is
  • Describe how the atomic model has changed over time due to new experimental evidence, inc discovery of the atom and scattering experiments
  • Describe the difference between the plum pudding model of the atom and the nuclear model of the atom
  • State the relative charge of protons, neutrons and electrons and describe the overall charge of an atom
  • State the relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons and describe the distribution of mass in an atom
  • Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom when given its atomic number and mass number
  • Describe isotopes as atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
  • Define the term relative atomic mass and why it takes into account the abundance of isotopes of the element
  • Calculate the relative atomic mass of an element given the percentage abundance of its isotopes
  • Describe how electrons fill energy levels in atoms, and represent the electron structure of elements using diagrams and numbers
  • Recall how the elements in the periodic table are arranged
  • Describe how elements with similar properties are placed in the periodic table
  • Explain why elements in the same group have similar properties and how to use the periodic table to predict the reactivity of elements
  • Describe the early attempts to classify elements
  • Explain the creation and attributes of Mendeleev's periodic table
  • Identify metals and non-metals on the periodic table, compare and contrast their properties
  • Explain how the atomic structure of metals and non-metals relates to their position in the periodic table
  • Describe noble gases (group 0) and explain their lack of reactivity
  • Describe the properties of noble gases, including boiling points, predict trends down the group and describe how their properties depend on the outer shell of electrons
  • Describe the reactivity and properties of group 1 alkali metals with reference to their electron arrangement and predict their reactions
  • Describe the properties of group 7 halogens and how their properties relate to their electron arrangement, including trends in molecular mass, melting and boiling points and reactivity
  • Describe the reactions of group 7 halogens with metals and non-metals
  • Describe the properties of transition metals and compare them with group 1 elements, including melting points and densities, strength and hardness, and reactivity